Notifiable disease – clinical signs

Notifiable diseases – clinical signs: this is only a guide. Always check with your veterinary surgeon.

Signs: Not in all birds; Depends on species, secondary infections, immune status, route of infection, social stress, environmental factors
 

	Avian Influenza – HPAI	Avian Influenza – LPAI
Age	day old to adult	day old to adult
Incubation	– from as little as a few hours to 9 days in individuals or 14 days in a flock	– from as little as a few hours to 3 days in individuals or 14 days in a flock
Signs	General – high morbidity and mortality, depression, inactivity, quietness, marked decrease in feed and water intake. Mortality – High up to 100%often before other signs Enteric signs – diarrhoea, Respiratory signs – lachrymation, sinusitis, oedema (swelling) of tissues of head, cyanosis (blue discolouration) of comb, wattles, throat and neck Nervous signs – tremors head and neck, inability to stand, torticollis, opisthotonus Egg production signs – marked drop in egg production in a few days.	General – (can easily be missed) – high morbidity, low mortality, huddling, ruffled feathers, depression, inactivity, quietness, decreased feed and water intake. Mortality – low but elevated Enteric signs – occasionally diarrhoea. Respiratory signs – mild but include coughing, sneezing, rales, rattling, sinusitis Egg production signs – fewer eggs laid.

	Newcastle disease – PMV 1	Pigeon Paramyxovirus – PPMV 1
Age	Younger birds generally more susceptible than adults.	Younger birds generally more susceptible than adults.
Incubation	4-6 days (2 – 15d)	7 – 14 days; virus shedding 48 h after infection
Signs	General – High mortality and morbidity depression, listless, decreased feed intake, weakness, increased respiratory rate,moult. Mortality – up to 100% signs Enteric signs – greenish watery diarrhoea, Respiratory signs – beak gaping, gasping, coughing, gurgling, rattling, oedema (swelling) of the tissues around the eyes and in the neck. Nervous signs – drooping wings, dragging legs, twisting of the head and neck, circling, complete paralysis. Egg production signs – quick partial or complete cessation of egg production, eggs misshapen, roughshelled, loss of shell colour, thinshelled and contain watery albumen.	General – First signs are green watery diarrhoea. Quiet, reluctant to exercise, lethargic, depressed, decreased feed intake, polydipsic (excessive thirst). Mortality – occasionally, sudden mortality. Nervous signs – may precede diarrhoea, with trembling of the wings and head. Birds may tumble over when landing. Partial paralysis of wings and legs may occur and twisting of the neck (torticollis). Unable to pick up grain.

02/12/2016